Efficient Inventory Management Unleashed in Tally Prime: A Comprehensive Guide

What is Inventory?

Inventory means stocks; the trader's sells are called goods.
Inventories include the purchases, sales of stock or stock movements.
The closing stock of a particular year becomes the opening stock of the next year.

What is Stock Group?

Stock Group is used to categorize inventory items based on their nature or characteristics, such as raw materials, finished goods, etc.
Stock Groups in Inventory are like Groups in Accounting Masters. They are helpful in the classification of Stock Items.

What is Units?

The quantity in turn is measured by units.
In such cases, it is necessary to create the Unit of Measure.
The Units of Measure can either be simple or compound.
Examples of simple units are nos., metres, kilograms, pieces, etc.
Examples of compound unit is a combination of two simple units.

What is Stock Item?

Stock items are defined as material resources that are held in storerooms and issued to activities that require the materials to be completed.
The stock item record determines whether the type of stock can be purchased, repaired, tracked, and so on.

Inventory voucher

Stock Journal
Physical Stock
Receipt Note
Purchase
Delivery Note
Sales
Rejection Outward
Debit Note
Rejection Inward
Credit Note
Purchase Order
Sales Order

Inventory voucher

Stock Journal

Stock journals for stock adjustments and transfers, making it convenient to record changes in stock levels for a group of items.

Physical Stock

A physical stock voucher is used to record the actual stock of a particular stock item. In the inventory books, the actual balance of stock in hand as on the date of voucher entry is shown and the difference in stock is automatically added as inwards or outwards.

Delivery Note

A delivery challan is usually issued by a seller to the buyer when making the delivery of goods.

Sales

A transaction between the buyer and the seller in which the seller sells intangible or tangible goods, assets, or services against money is known as a sale.

Rejection Outward

Rejection Outward Note is a document that is used to record the return of goods by a customer or buyer to the supplier or seller due to rejection of the goods.

Debit Note

A debit note is a document a seller uses to remind the purchaser of current debt obligations, or a document produced by a purchaser when returning goods purchased on loan.

Rejection Inward

Rejection Outward Note is a document that is used to record the return of goods by a customer or buyer to the supplier or seller due to rejection of the goods.

Credit Note

A credit note, also known as a credit memo, is a commercial document issued by the seller and sent to the buyer when there is a reduction in the amount payable to the seller.

Purchase Order

The purchase order is a document generated by the buyer and serves the purpose of ordering goods from the supplier.

Sales Order

A sales order is a commercial document prepared by a seller and issued to a customer. It confirms the sale of goods or services and details the sale's specifics, including the quantity, pricing, and quality of goods or services provided.

The following would be recording in journal using double entry system. Do the posting process from journal entries and prepare the Trial balance, Trading a/c, Profit & loss a/c and balance sheet with inventory maintain in the books of M/s. Prithvi for the following year 2023 to 2024.

Particular	DR	CR
Capital	-	6,00,000
Bank OCC	-	75,000
Cash	50,000	-
Vat payable	-	50,000
Machinery	1,00,000	-
Furniture	-	50,000
Provision for bad debit	-	50,000
Debentures	2,00,000	-
Indian Overseas Bank	1,25,000	-
Prepaid expenses	20,000	-
Nithya Traders (sundry debtors)	20,000	-
Arun & Co (sundry debtors)	15,000	-
O/S salary	-	30,000
Bank loan	-	50,000

STOCK IN HAND

I. MEDICAL ITEM:

DOLO 100 mg 5000tab @ Rs.5
Metasin 3000tab @ Rs.4
Zerodal 5000tab @ Rs.10
Vicks action 5000tab @ Rs.25

II. INDUSTRIAL ITEM:

Cement 500bags @ Rs.250
Bricks 500bags @ Rs.300

III. ELECTRONIC ITEM:

Iron box 10nos @ Rs.800
Calculator 525nos @ Rs.100
14” inch TV 150nos @ Rs.850

TRANSACTION DURING THE PERIOD:

Apr 01: Paid telephone charge Rs.2000
Apr 04: Withdraw from stock for the protector own use Rs.5000
Apr 10: A cheque received from M/s. Nitya traders was Rs:15000 and balance Rs.5000 Bad Debit written off.
Apr 11: Goods sales on credit to M/s. TTF for the following:
- Iron box 5nos @ Rs.1000
- 14” inch TV 10nos Rs.10000 Bill.No.81 (45days)
May 01: Purchased on credit from M/s. Lingam Traders.
- TV stand 15nos @ Rs.500
- Steel chair 20nos @ Rs.250 Bill no:254 (25days)
May 05: Goods sold on credit to M/s. National Agencies for the following:
- Dolo 100mg 1000tab @ Rs.7
- Metasin 1500tab @ Rs.6
- Vicks action 500 strips @ Rs.30 Bill no:25 (15days)
May 06: Depreciation of machinery 5% and furniture 5%
May 16: Bank Loan Received Rs.2,00,000.
June 06: Goods return to M/s. Lingam traders:
- TV stand 5nos
- Steel chair 7nos against bill no:245
June 06: Amount received from M/s.TTF full payment.
June 16: Goods purchased from M/s. Neha traders for the following:
- Cement 200bags @ Rs.250
- Coal 300bags @ Rs.200
- Bricks 150bags @ 300 Bill no:458 (25days)
July 06: Credit note received from M/s. National Agencies for the following:
- Dolo 100mg 200tab
- Metasin 100tab
- Vicks action 10tab against bill no: 25
July 20: Goods sold M/s. BPT contracts for followings:
- TV stand 10nos @ Rs.700
- Steel chair 10nos @ Rs.400
- Cement 300bags @ Rs.350
- Coal 200bags @ Rs.250
- Bricks 200bags @ Rs.350 bill no: 021 (30days)
Aug 03: With draw from bank Rs.1,00,000.
Aug 10: Dividend received from bank Rs.30000.
Aug 12: Amount paid to M/s. Neha traders and discount Rs. Received 10%.
Aug 20: Stock of calculator 500nos transfer to Madurai branch.
Aug 22: Being verify manual inventory the stock for the following:
- Coal in 200bags
- Bricks 50bags

ANSWERS

Item	Amount
Opening Balance	1,055,000
Gross Profit	2,850
Net Profit	33,850
Balance Sheet	1,292,100
Closing Stock	471,400

Company Creation

Open Tally Prime:

Open Tally Prime on your computer.

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

You'll be at the Gateway of Tally screen when you first open the software.

Select 'Create Company':

From the Gateway of Tally, select the "Create Company" option.

Enter Company Details:

Fill in the required company information, such as:

Name: M/s. Prithvi
Address: Enter the company's address.
Mailing Details: Enter additional contact information.
Financial Year: Set it as 1st April 2023 to 31st March 2024 for the financial year.

Select Appropriate Statutory Compliance:

Choose the appropriate statutory compliance details based on your location and business requirements.

Configure Financial Year Settings:

Set the financial year settings based on the information you provided earlier.

Define Base Currency:

Specify the base currency for your company.
Press "Enter" to save the company details.

Ledger Creation

Open Tally Prime:

Tally Prime on your computer.

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to >Create > "Accounts Masters" > ledgers.

Create Ledgers:

Choose "Ledgers" and then "Create" to add individual ledgers. Here are the details for each ledger:

Ledger Name	Under Group	Opening Balance (DR/CR)
Capital	Capital Accounts	6,00,000 (CR)
Bank OCC	Bank Accounts	75,000 (DR)
Cash	Cash-in-Hand	50,000 (DR)
Vat payable	Duties & Taxes	50,000 (CR)
Machinery	Fixed Assets	1,00,000 (DR)
Furniture	Fixed Assets	50,000 (DR)
Provision for bad debit	Indirect Expenses	50,000 (CR)
Debentures	Secured Loans	2,00,000 (CR)
Indian Overseas Bank	Bank Accounts	1,25,000 (DR)
Prepaid expenses	Current Assets	20,000 (DR)
Nithya Traders (sundry debtors)	Sundry Debtors	20,000 (DR)
Arun & Co (sundry debtors)	Sundry Debtors	15,000 (DR)
O/S salary	Indirect Expenses	30,000 (CR)
Bank loan	Secured Loans	50,000 (CR)

Save the Ledgers:

Save each ledger after entering the necessary details.

Select Chart of Accounts:

Under the "Gateway of tally" menu, choose "Chart of Accounts" and then select "Groups" or "Ledgers."

Stock Group Creation

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to "Inventory Masters."

Create Stock Groups:

Choose "Stock Groups" and then "Create" to add the different groups. Here are the details for each stock group:

Stock Group Name	Under
Stock In Hand	Primary
Medical Item	Stock in hand
Industrial Item	Stock in hand
Electronic Item	Stock in hand

Save the Stock Groups:

Save each stock group after entering the necessary details.

Stock Units Creation

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to "Inventory Masters."

Create Stock Units:

Choose "Units" and then "Create" to add each Units. Here are the details for each stock item:

Stock Item Creation

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to "Inventory Masters."

Create Stock Units:

Choose "Stock Items" and then "Create" to add each stock item. Here are the details for each stock item:

MEDICAL ITEM:

Stock Item Name	Under	Opening Rate	Opening Quantity
DOLO 100 mg	MEDICAL ITEM	Rs.5	5000
Metasin	MEDICAL ITEM	Rs.4	3000
Zerodal	MEDICAL ITEM	Rs.10	5000
Vicks action	MEDICAL ITEM	Rs.25	5000

INDUSTRIAL ITEM:

Stock Item Name	Under	Opening Rate	Opening Quantity
Cement	INDUSTRIAL ITEM	Rs.250	500
Bricks	INDUSTRIAL ITEM	Rs.300	500

ELECTRONIC ITEM:

Stock Item Name	Under	Opening Rate	Opening Quantity
Iron box	ELECTRONIC ITEM	Rs.800	10
Calculator	ELECTRONIC ITEM	Rs.100	525
14” inch TV	ELECTRONIC ITEM	Rs.850	150

Fill in the details for each stock item including the opening rate and quantity.

Save the Stock Items:

Save each stock item after entering the necessary details.

TRANSACTION DURING THE PERIOD:

Apr 01 Paid telephone charge Rs.2000

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to " Vouchers" to create a new voucher.

Select Voucher Type:

Press F5 or click on "Payment" to select the payment voucher type.

Enter Voucher Date:

Set the voucher date to April 01.

Enter Details:

In the payment voucher:

Debit: Select the ledger "Telephone Charge" under "Dr" for Rs.2000.
Credit: Select the ledger "Cash" under "Cr" for Rs.2000.

Narration (Optional):

Add a narration if needed to provide additional details about the transaction.

Save the Voucher:

After entering the details, press Ctrl + A to save the voucher.

follow the above steps for the transaction below.

Aug 12 Amount paid to M/s. Neha traders and discount Rs. Received 10%.

Apr 04 Withdraw from stock for the protector own use Rs.5000

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to " Vouchers" to create a new voucher.

Select Voucher Type:

Press F7 or click on "Journal" to select the Journal voucher type.

Enter Voucher Date:

Set the voucher date to April 04.

Enter Details:

In the journal voucher:

Debit: Select the ledger "Drawing" under "Dr" for Rs.5000.
Credit: Select the ledger "Stock" under "Cr" for Rs.5000.

Narration (Optional):

Add a narration if needed to provide additional details about the transaction, such as "Withdrawal of stock for personal use."

Save the Voucher:

After entering the details, press Ctrl + A to save the voucher.

Apr 10 A cheque received from M/s. Nitya traders was Rs:15000 and balance Rs.5000 Bad Debit written off.

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to " Vouchers" to create a new voucher.

Select Voucher Type:

Press F6 or click on "Receipt" to select the Receipt voucher type.

Enter Voucher Date:

Set the voucher date to April 10.

Enter Details:

In the receipt voucher:

Credit: Select the ledger "Nitya Traders" under "Cr" for Rs.20,000.
Debit: Select the ledger "Indian Overseas Bank" under "Dr" for Rs.15,000.
Debit: Select the ledger "Bad Debts" under "Dr" for Rs.5,000.

Narration (Optional):

Add a narration if needed to provide additional details about the transaction, such as "Cheque received from M/s. Nitya Traders. Bad debt written off."

Save the Voucher:

After entering the details, press Ctrl + A to save the voucher.

follow the above steps for the transaction below.

Apr 10 A cheque received from M/s. Nitya traders was Rs:15000 and balance Rs.5000 Bad Debit written off.
June 06 Amount received from M/s.TTF full payment.
Aug 10 Dividend received from bank Rs.30000.

Apr 11 Goods sales on credit to M/s. TTF for the following:

Iron box 5nos @ Rs.1000
14” inch TV 10nos Rs.10000 Bill.No.81 (45days)

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to " Vouchers" to create a new voucher.

Select Voucher Type:

Press F8 or click on "Sales" to select the Sales voucher type.

Enter Customer Details:

Choose or enter M/s. TTF as the customer in the voucher.

Enter Transaction Date:

Set the transaction date as April 11.

Item Details:

Enter the following details for the iron box:

Item: Iron Box
Quantity: 5
Rate: Rs. 1000 per unit

Enter the following details for the 14" inch TV:

Item: 14" inch TV
Quantity: 10
Rate: Rs. 10000 per unit
Bill No.: 81

Calculate Total Amount:

Ensure that the total amount is calculated automatically based on the quantity and rate.

Payment Terms:

Specify the payment terms as 45 days.

Save the Voucher:

Save the sales voucher.

follow the above steps for the transaction below.

May 05 Goods sold on credit to M/s. National Agencies for the following:

Dolo 100mg 1000tab @ Rs.7
Metasin 1500tab @ Rs.6
Vicks action 500 strips @ Rs.30 Bill no: 25 (15days)

July 20 Goods sold M/s. BPT contracts for the following:

TV stand 10nos @ Rs.700
Steel chair 10nos @ Rs.400
Cement 300bags @ Rs.350
Coal 200bags @ Rs.250
Bricks 200bags @ Rs.350 Bill no: 021 (30days)

May 01 Purchased on credit from M/s. Lingam Traders.

TV stand 15nos @ Rs.500
Steel chair 20nos @ Rs.250 Bill no:254 (25days)

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to " Vouchers" to create a new voucher.

Select Voucher Type:

Press F9 or click on "Purchase" to select the Purchase voucher type.

Enter Supplier Details:

Choose or enter M/s. Lingam Traders as the supplier in the voucher.

Enter Transaction Date:

Set the transaction date as May 01.

Item Details:

Enter the following details for the TV stand:

Item: TV Stand
Quantity: 15
Rate: Rs. 500 per unit

Enter the following details for the steel chair:

Item: Steel Chair
Quantity: 20
Rate: Rs. 250 per unit
Bill No.: 254

Calculate Total Amount:

Ensure that the total amount is calculated automatically based on the quantity and rate.

Payment Terms:

Specify the payment terms as 25 days.

Save the Voucher:

Save the purchase voucher.

follow the above steps for the transaction below.

June 16 Goods purchased from M/s. Neha traders for the following:

Cement 200bags @ Rs.250
Coal 300bags @ Rs.200

Bricks 150bags @ 300 Bill no:458 (25days)

May 06 Depreciation of machinery 5% and furniture 5%

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to " Vouchers" to create a new voucher.

Select Voucher Type:

Press F7 or click on "Journal" to select the Journal voucher type.

Enter Transaction Date:

Set the transaction date as May 06.
Debit the Depreciation Expense account for Machinery:

Account: Depreciation Expense - Machinery
Amount: Calculate 5% depreciation on the machinery value.

Credit the Machinery account:

Account: Machinery
Amount: Same as the debit entry for Depreciation Expense - Machinery.

Credit the Furniture account:

Account: Furniture
Amount: Same as the debit entry for Depreciation Expense - Furniture.

Save the Voucher:

Save the journal voucher.

May 16 Bank Loan Received Rs.2,00,000.

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to " Vouchers" to create a new voucher.

Select Voucher Type:

Press F6 or click on "Receipt" to select the Receipt voucher type.

Enter Transaction Date:

Set the transaction date as May 16.

Enter Credit Entry for Bank Loan:

Credit the Bank Loan account to reflect the increase in the liability.
Account: Bank Loan
Amount: Rs. 2,00,000

Enter Debit Entry for Cash:

If the loan amount is received in cash, debit the Cash account.
Account: Cash
Amount: Rs. 2,00,000
If the loan amount is received in the bank, debit the Bank account instead.
Account: Bank
Amount: Rs. 2,00,000

Save the Voucher:

Save the received voucher.

June 06 Goods return to M/s. Lingam traders.

TV stand 5nos
Steel chair 7nos against bill no:245

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to " Vouchers" to create a new voucher.

Select Voucher Type:

Press F6 or click on " Debit Note" to select the Receipt voucher type.

Enter Voucher Details:

Set the voucher date as June 06.

Enter Supplier Details:

In the "Supplier Invoice No." field, enter the bill number, which is 245.

Enter Debit Entry for TV Stand:

Debit the respective ledger for TV Stand.
Account: TV Stand
Quantity: 5 (or as per your return)
Rate: Enter the rate if applicable

Enter Debit Entry for Steel Chair:

Debit the respective ledger for Steel Chair.
Account: Steel Chair
Quantity: 7 (or as per your return)
Rate: Enter the rate if applicable

Save the Voucher:

Press "Ctrl+A" to save the Debit Note Voucher.

July 06 Credit note received from M/s. National Agencies for the following:

Dolo 100mg 200tab
Metasin 100tab
Vicks action 10tab against bill no: 25

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to " Vouchers" to create a new voucher.

Select Voucher Type:

Press F6 or click on " Credit Note" to select the Receipt voucher type.

Enter Voucher Details:

Set the voucher date as July 06.

Enter Supplier Details:

In the "Supplier Invoice No." field, enter the credit note number, which is 25.

Enter Credit Entry for Dolo 100mg:

Credit the respective ledger for Dolo 100mg.

Account: Dolo 100mg
Quantity: 200 (or as per the credit note)
Rate: Enter the rate if applicable

Enter Credit Entry for Metasin:

Credit the respective ledger for Metasin.

Account: Metasin
Quantity: 100 (or as per the credit note)
Rate: Enter the rate if applicable

Enter Credit Entry for Vicks Action:

Credit the respective ledger for Vicks Action.

Account: Vicks Action
Quantity: 10 (or as per the credit note)
Rate: Enter the rate if applicable

Save the Voucher:

Press "Ctrl+A" to save the Credit Note Voucher.

Aug 03 With draw from bank Rs.1,00,000.

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to " Vouchers" to create a new voucher.

Select Voucher Type:

Press F6 or click on " Contra" to select the Receipt voucher type.

Enter Voucher Details:

Set the voucher date as August 03.

Enter Debit Entry for Cash:

Debit the Cash ledger for Rs. 1,00,000.
Account: Cash
Amount: Rs. 1,00,000

Enter Credit Entry for Bank:

Credit the Indian Overseas Bank ledger for Rs. 1,00,000.
Account: Indian Overseas Bank
Amount: Rs. 1,00,000

Save the Voucher:

Press "Ctrl+A" to save the Contra Voucher.

Aug 20 Stock of calculator 500nos transfer to Madurai branch.

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to " Vouchers" to create a new voucher.

Select Voucher Type:

Press F6 or click on " Stock Journal" to select the Receipt voucher type.

Select Stock Journal Voucher:

From the "Inventory Vouchers" menu, choose "Alt + F7: Journal" "Voucher Entry" and select "Stock Journal."

Enter Voucher Details:

Set the voucher date as August 20.

Select Transfer Type:

In the Stock Journal Voucher, select the transfer type as "Transfer of Material" or any relevant transfer type based on your chart of accounts.

Enter Debit Entry for Source Location:

Debit the source location (current location of stock) for calculators.

Item: Calculator
Quantity: 500 (or as per the transfer)
Rate: Enter the rate if applicable
Source: Current location

Save the Voucher:

Press "Ctrl+A" to save the Stock Journal Voucher.

Aug 22 Being verify manual inventory the stock for the following:

Coal in 200bags
Bricks 50bags

Go to the Gateway of Tally:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to " Vouchers" to create a new voucher.

Select Voucher Type:

Press F6 or click on " Physical Stock" to select the Receipt voucher type.

Enter Voucher Details:

Set the voucher date as August 22.

Enter Physical Stock Entries:

Enter the physical stock entries for Coal and Bricks:

Item: Coal

Quantity: 200 bags (or as per the physical count)
Rate: Enter the rate if applicable
Godown: Specify the location or godown where the coal is stored.

Item: Bricks

Quantity: 50 bags (or as per the physical count)
Rate: Enter the rate if applicable
Godown: Specify the location or godown where the bricks are stored.

Save the Voucher:

Press "Ctrl+A" to save the Physical Stock Voucher.

Profit and Loss

Go to Gateway of Tally:

You'll start at the Gateway of Tally, which is the main screen.

Access Reports:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to "Reports" by selecting it from the main menu.

Financial Reports:

Under "Reports," navigate to "Profit & Loss" in the "Financial Reports" section.

Profit and Loss

Go to Gateway of Tally:

You'll start at the Gateway of Tally, which is the main screen.

Access Reports:

From the Gateway of Tally, go to "Reports" by selecting it from the main menu.

Financial Reports:

Under "Reports," navigate to "Balance Sheet" in the "Financial Reports" section.